Precambrian • Neoproterozoic formation In GSP lexicon

Taguwali Formation

Neoproterozoic

Indo-Pakistan Shield

Part of Kirana Group

Neoproterozoic in the time scale →

Cited in 6 sources Last reviewed Aug 8, 2026

Unit summary

Rank: formation
Status: Published
Age: Precambrian · NeoproterozoicNeoproterozoic
Named by: Alam et al. (1992)
Type locality: Taguwali village (Kirana Hills)31.9333°N, 72.7000°E
Thickness: 1210 m
Lithology: Cross-bedded quartzites, phyllites and slates in the lower part; slates in the middle; phyllites and slates in the upper part. Overlain by the Asianwala quartzite.
Synonyms: Not recorded

A Precambrian quartzite-slate unit of the Kirana Hills — part of the ancient basement poking through the Punjab plains.

Taguwali formation is named after the Taguwali village by Alam et al. (1992) and it consists of cross bedded quartzites, phyllite and slates in the lower part, slates in the middle part and phyllites and slates in the upper part. Asianwala quartzite is named after Asianwala canal rest house by Alam et al. (1992). It consists of quartzite with subordinate intercalations of slate. It has gradational contact with the underlying Taguwali formation. No fossils are reported.

Fossils

Not recorded

Contacts

In the Indo-Pakistan Shield column

MetamorphicIgneousContact not recorded

Band colour = period; texture = dominant rock type. Lines between bands mark the contact type; dotted = no contact recorded in the sources (not a claim of conformity). True scale makes height ∝ recorded thickness; hatched = thickness not recorded. Ages approximate, for ordering.

This unit (highlighted) within its province column; faded ends continue above and below. Line style marks the contact type.

Distribution & setting

Indo-Pakistan Shield

Basin: Indo-Pakistan Shield
Region: Not recorded
Depositional environment: marine, metamorphic
Coordinates: 31.9333°N, 72.7000°E

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Correlation

Not recorded. Compare this unit against other basins on the correlation panel →

Economic significance

Not recorded

Remarks

A low-grade metasedimentary unit of the Precambrian Kirana Complex — a rare exposure of the Indian-shield basement that underlies the Punjab plains, cropping out in the Kirana Hills near Sargodha and Chiniot.

Research notes (3)

Field-by-field findings drawn from the cited literature. Every statement is traced to a registered source — follow a citation for the full reference.

Name & nomenclature (1)

Attested in Shah (2009), Geological Survey of Pakistan Memoir 22 - the Stratigraphic Committee of Pakistan's compiled lexicon (listed in the memoir's contents). Adds the definitional GSP/SCP lexicon citation.

Shah, S.M.I. (2009)

Age & correlation (1)

Kazmi & Jan (1997): the Taguwali Formation is the second of the five formations of the Precambrian Kirana Group (Alam 1983; Kirana Hills near Sargodha; Rb-Sr 870 ± 40 Ma) — unfossiliferous metasediment/metavolcanic basement of the buried Sargodha ridge; the book gives no separate per-formation description.

Kazmi, A.H. & Jan, M.Q. (1997)

Lithology (1)

Chaudhry, Ahsan & Rehman (2022): the Tuguwali Formation (Tuguwali Phyllite) is light-grey phyllite with minor conglomerates of quartzite; its lower part is fine-grained with cross-bedded quartzite. Recorded thickness ~1190 m. It is the middle unit of the Kirana Group (Machh Super Group), between the Chak 112 Conglomerate below and the Asianwala Formation above.

Chaudhry, M.N., Ahsan, N. & Rehman, S.U. (2022)

Sources (6)

Malkani, M.S. & Mahmood, Z. (2017). Stratigraphy of Pakistan. Geological Survey of Pakistan, Memoir Vol. 24.
OpenStreetMap contributors and GEOnet Names Server (public geographic gazetteers), used to geolocate named GSP type localities to approximate decimal coordinates.
Chaudhry, M.N., Ahsan, N. & Rehman, S.U. (2022). Revised Stratigraphy of Sargodha-Chiniot Area, Punjab, Pakistan. The Geological Bulletin of the Punjab University, 2022, pp. 1-9.
Shah, S.M.I. (2009). Stratigraphy of Pakistan. Geological Survey of Pakistan, Memoir Vol. 22.
Kazmi, A.H. & Jan, M.Q. (1997). Geology and Tectonics of Pakistan. Graphic Publishers, Karachi.
Kazmi, A.H. & Abbasi, I.A. (2008). Stratigraphy and Historical Geology of Pakistan. Department & National Centre of Excellence in Geology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar. 524 pp. ISBN 978-969-9119.

Reviewer confidence: high

Every fact on this page is source-cited. This entry is part of the peer-archived Pakistan Stratigraphy Dataset (doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21363991, CC‑BY‑4.0).

Lexicon status: Name attested in the Shah (1977/2009) Geological Survey of Pakistan compilation — the national stratigraphic lexicon. This records where the name is documented; it is not an endorsement of the unit’s definition, age or figures.

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Cite this unit

APA

Qudsi, L. (2026). Taguwali Formation. In Pakistan Stratigraphy Dataset [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21363991

BibTeX

@misc{stratigraphypk_taguwaliformation,
  author    = {Qudsi, Lareb},
  title     = {{Taguwali Formation} --- Pakistan Stratigraphy Dataset},
  year      = {2026},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.21363991},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21363991}
}

Archived dataset: doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21363991 (CC‑BY‑4.0) · Direct link to this entry: https://stratigraphy.pk/formation/taguwali-formation (accessed October 29, 2026).

To cite the unit's original definition instead, see: Alam et al. (1992).

Below · older

Chak 112 Conglomerates

Precambrian

Above · younger

Asianwala Formation