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Pakistan Stratigraphy

Basin

Kohat-Potwar Basin (Upper Indus)

3 provinces · 67 formations

This reference records 67 units across 3 provinces of the Kohat-Potwar Basin (Upper Indus), spanning 5 geological eras and most commonly limestone, sandstone, evaporite.

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At a glance

67
units
3
provinces
5
eras
38
georeferenced
51
with fossils
60
type localities
4,500 m
max thickness
85
sources

Rock types

  • limestone (29)
  • sandstone (21)
  • evaporite (7)
  • conglomerate (6)
  • igneous rocks (1)
  • shale/mudstone (1)

Based on the primary lithology recorded for each unit; some units span more than one rock type.

Fossils recorded

  • Stromatolites
  • Algal mats
  • Trilobite trails (trace fossils)
  • Skolithos burrows
  • Cruziana traces
  • Trilobites (Redlichia noetlingi)
  • Brachiopods (Neobolus warthi, Lingulella)
  • Hyolithes wynnei
  • Brachiopods (Lingulella fuchsia, Botsfordia granulata)
  • Gastropods
  • Trace fossils
  • Trilobites (rare)
  • Glossopteris
  • Gangamopteris
  • Rare marine fauna in interbeds
  • Brachiopods
  • Bryozoans
  • Eurydesma
  • Conularia
  • Discina
  • Martiniopsis
  • Chonetes
  • Neochonetes
  • Crinoids

+121 more across the Kohat-Potwar Basin (Upper Indus) units.

Provinces

3

Salt Range

38

Foreland fold-and-thrust belt

Potwar Basin

42

Foreland basin with active deformation

Kohat Basin

63

Foreland fold-and-thrust belt

Stratigraphic column

The Kohat-Potwar Basin (Upper Indus) units placed in age order (units without a resolvable age are omitted). Toggle readable vs true-scale, and use Download to export any section as SVG or PNG for a figure.

Kohat-Potwar Basin (Upper Indus) — stratigraphic column
  1. Lei ConglomerateFossils recordedQuaternary
  2. Soan FormationFossils recordedQuaternary
  3. Malagan FormationQuaternary
  4. Marwat FormationNeogene-Quaternary
  5. Sheri Gasha FormationNeogene-Quaternary
  6. Murree FormationFossils recordedNeogene
  7. Kamlial FormationFossils recordedNeogene
  8. Chinji FormationFossils recordedNeogene
  9. Nagri FormationFossils recordedNeogene
  10. Dhok Pathan FormationFossils recordedNeogene
  11. Siwalik GroupNeogene
  12. Kargocha FormationNeogene
  13. Hangu FormationFossils recordedPaleogene
  14. Lockhart LimestoneFossils recordedPaleogene
  15. Patala FormationFossils recordedPaleogene
  16. Nammal FormationFossils recordedPaleogene
  17. Sakesar FormationFossils recordedPaleogene
  18. Panoba FormationFossils recordedPaleogene
  19. Chashmai FormationFossils recordedPaleogene
  20. Gurguri FormationFossils recordedPaleogene
  21. Shekhan FormationFossils recordedPaleogene
  22. Bahadurkhel SaltPaleogene
  23. Jatta GypsumPaleogene
  24. Habib Rahi FormationFossils recordedPaleogene
  25. Domanda FormationFossils recordedPaleogene
  26. Pirkoh FormationFossils recordedPaleogene
  27. Drazinda FormationFossils recordedPaleogene
  28. Chorgali FormationFossils recordedPaleogene
  29. Kuldana FormationFossils recordedPaleogene
  30. Kahan GroupPaleogene
  31. Kohat FormationFossils recordedPaleogene
  32. Margala Hill LimestoneFossils recordedPaleogene
  33. Kirthar GroupFossils recordedPaleogene
  34. Lumshiwal FormationFossils recordedCretaceous
  35. Kawagarh FormationFossils recordedCretaceous
  36. Indus FormationFossils recordedCretaceous
  37. Chichali FormationFossils recordedJurassic-Cretaceous
  38. Datta FormationFossils recordedJurassic
  39. Shinawari FormationFossils recordedJurassic
  40. Samana Suk FormationFossils recordedJurassic
  41. Surghar GroupFossils recordedJurassic
  42. Mianwali FormationFossils recordedTriassic
  43. Tredian FormationFossils recordedTriassic
  44. Kingriali FormationFossils recordedTriassic
  45. Chak Jabbi LimestoneTriassic
  46. Musakhel GroupFossils recordedTriassic
  47. Kathwai MemberTriassic
  48. Mittiwali MemberTriassic
  49. Narmia MemberTriassic
  50. Landa MemberTriassic
  51. Khatkiara Sandstone MemberTriassic
  52. Tobra FormationFossils recordedPermian
  53. Warchha SandstoneFossils recordedPermian
  54. Dandot FormationFossils recordedPermian
  55. Sardhai FormationFossils recordedPermian
  56. Amb FormationFossils recordedPermian
  57. Wargal LimestoneFossils recordedPermian
  58. Chhidru FormationFossils recordedPermian
  59. Nilawahan GroupFossils recordedPermian
  60. Zaluch GroupFossils recordedPermian
  61. Khewra SandstoneFossils recordedCambrian
  62. Kussak FormationFossils recordedCambrian
  63. Jutana FormationFossils recordedCambrian
  64. Baghanwala FormationFossils recordedCambrian
  65. Khisor FormationCambrian
  66. Salt Range FormationFossils recordedEdiacaran
  67. Kirana GroupNeoproterozoic
ConglomerateSandstoneShale / mudLimestoneGypsum / evaporiteMarlMixedIgneousFossils recordedContact not recordedUnconformityConformable

Band colour = period; texture = dominant rock type. Lines between bands mark the contact type (wavy = unconformity inferred from a missing period); dotted = no contact recorded in the sources (not a claim of conformity). True scale makes height ∝ recorded thickness; hatched = thickness not recorded. Ages approximate, for ordering.

Units in this basin

67

Quaternary3

Cenozoic30

Mesozoic18

Paleozoic14

Precambrian2