Precambrian • Paleoproterozoic GSP memoir

Mangla Gneiss

Precambrian (Paleoproterozoic)

Cited in 2 sources Last reviewed Jul 14, 2026

Unit summary

Rank: Not recorded
Status: Published
Age: Precambrian · PaleoproterozoicPrecambrian (Paleoproterozoic)
Named by: Not recorded
Type locality: Mangla Dam area, Mirpur, Azad Kashmir33.1400°N, 73.6400°E
Thickness: Unknown (drill core intercepts)
Lithology: Biotite gneiss, quartzofeldspathic gneiss, amphibolite
Synonyms: Not recorded

A biotite / quartzofeldspathic gneiss with amphibolite, known mainly from drill cores and subsurface near Mangla Dam, Mirpur, representing Indian-shield crystalline basement beneath the Himalayan foreland.

Exposed in subsurface and drill cores near Mangla Dam area. Represents Indian Shield crystalline basement beneath the Himalayan foreland. Important for understanding basement configuration of the Potwar-Kashmir region.

Fossils

Not recorded

Contacts

In the Azad Kashmir column

MixedMetamorphicContact not recorded

Band colour = period; texture = dominant rock type. Lines between bands mark the contact type; dotted = no contact recorded in the sources (not a claim of conformity). True scale makes height ∝ recorded thickness; hatched = thickness not recorded. Ages approximate, for ordering.

This unit (highlighted) within its province column; faded ends continue above and below. Line style marks the contact type.

Distribution & setting

Azad Kashmir Indo-Pakistan Shield

Basin: Not recorded
Region: Not recorded
Depositional environment: Not recorded
Coordinates: 33.1400°N, 73.6400°E

Google Maps ↗ OpenStreetMap ↗

Correlation

Not recorded. Compare this unit against other basins on the correlation panel →

Economic significance

Not recorded

Remarks

Important for reconstructing the basement configuration of the Potwar-Kashmir foreland; assigned a Palaeoproterozoic/Precambrian basement age, though direct geochronology is sparse.

Sources (2)

Malkani, M.S. & Mahmood, Z. (2017). Stratigraphy of Pakistan. Geological Survey of Pakistan, Memoir Vol. 24.
OpenStreetMap contributors and GEOnet Names Server (public geographic gazetteers), used to geolocate named GSP type localities to approximate decimal coordinates.

Reviewer confidence: low

Every fact on this page is source-cited. This entry is part of the peer-archived Pakistan Stratigraphy Dataset (doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21363991, CC‑BY‑4.0).

Lexicon status: Appears in a single-author Geological Survey of Pakistan memoir (Malkani & Mahmood 2017), not cross-confirmed against the Shah lexicon. The Stratigraphic Committee of Pakistan is largely inactive, so documented provenance — not formal ratification — is the available signal.

Spotted an error? Suggest a sourced correction →

Cite this unit

APA

Qudsi, L. (2026). Mangla Gneiss. In Pakistan Stratigraphy Dataset [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21363991

BibTeX

@misc{stratigraphypk_manglagneiss,
  author    = {Qudsi, Lareb},
  title     = {{Mangla Gneiss} --- Pakistan Stratigraphy Dataset},
  year      = {2026},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.21363991},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21363991}
}

Archived dataset: doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21363991 (CC‑BY‑4.0) · Direct link to this entry: https://stratigraphy.pk/formation/mangla-gneiss (accessed October 29, 2026).