Source provenance

DiPietro, J.A. & Pogue, K.R. (2004). Tectonostratigraphic subdivisions of the Himalaya: A view from the west. Tectonics, 23, TC5001.

Cited by 6 units (6 published) · 0 field-level citations · 6 revision notes.

Full text reviewed (reviewer-supplied PDF). Himalayan tectonostratigraphic synthesis. Documents the Kishar formation as a PRE-2173 Ma GNEISSIC basement unit of the Indian plate (Western Hinterland / Besham), unconformably overlain by the Karora and Gandaf formations. IMPORTANT: this paper does NOT mention 'Landai' or 'Mekhband' (0 mentions) - the agent-search attribution of those units to DiPietro (1993 or 2004) was wrong on both counts; they remain unsourced beyond Malkani (2017).

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Units citing this source

• Precambrian Hazara Formation Neoproterozoic
  • Age: Corroborated by DiPietro & Pogue (2004, Fig. 3): the Hazara Formation is a Lower Proterozoic argillite/quartzite/siltstone/limestone unit of the Western Lesser Himalaya (below the Murree Formation across the MBT). Consistent with the dataset s Neoproterozoic age.
• Precambrian Kishar Formation Paleoproterozoic
  • Lithology: CONFLICT / possible homonym (DiPietro & Pogue 2004, full text): the well-documented Kishar formation is a PRE-2173 Ma GNEISSIC basement unit of the Indian plate (Western Hinterland / Besham), unconformably overlain by the Karora and Gandaf formations - NOT the "mainly conglomerate" unit recorded here (Malkani 2017; no age; Swat-Malakand). Either this record is mis-described (it should be a Paleoproterozoic gneiss) or the name is a homonym of a different Swat unit. NOT corroborated - author to resolve.
• Paleozoic Mansehra Granite Ordovician
  • Age: DiPietro & Pogue (2004, after Treloar et al. 1989a): the ~500 Ma Mansehra augen orthogneiss is interlayered with Tanawal pelitic schist across the NW Indian-plate cover — corroborating the Cambro-Ordovician (~500 Ma) age of the Mansehra granite.
• Paleozoic Panjal Group Carboniferous–Permian
  • Age: Corroborated by DiPietro & Pogue (2004, Fig. 3): the Panjal volcanics/metavolcanics are a Permian unit of the Hazara Syntaxis / Kashmir Lesser Himalaya. Consistent with the dataset s Early Permian age.
• Precambrian Salkhala Formation Neoproterozoic
  • Age: DiPietro & Pogue (2004): the Salkhala Formation is Lower Proterozoic, an unknown thickness of chlorite- to garnet-grade pelitic schist, marble and graphitic schist intruded by ~500 Ma pegmatite, correlated with the Lesser Himalayan sequence south of the Batal fault.
• Precambrian Tanawal Formation Neoproterozoic
  • Age: DiPietro & Pogue (2004): the Tanawal Formation is an Upper Proterozoic-to-Cambrian quartzite, quartz-schist, argillite and garnetiferous schist that unconformably overlies the Gandaf Formation and is correlated with the Haimanta Group of the Lesser Himalaya; it is intimately associated with abundant ~500 Ma (Cambro-Ordovician) augen orthogneiss (the Mansehra granite). Places the unit in the tectonostratigraphy of the NW Indian plate.