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Pakistan Stratigraphy

Kirthar Basin (Lower Indus)

Sindh Province

Sindh Province, Lower Indus Plain · Stable foreland platform

Lower Indus Plain with subsurface Mesozoic-Cenozoic sequences. Major petroleum and gas province. Contains the Thar Desert with Neogene lignite deposits.

Units

20

Tectonic setting

Stable foreland platform

This reference records 20 units in the Sindh Province spanning 4 geological eras, most commonly limestone, evaporite, conglomerate.

Correlate with other provinces → Explore the basin → Filter all units →

At a glance

20
units
4
eras
14
georeferenced
10
with fossils
17
type localities
4,500 m
max thickness
36
sources

Rock types

  • limestone (7)
  • evaporite (4)
  • conglomerate (3)
  • sandstone (3)
  • igneous rocks (2)
  • metamorphic rocks (1)

Based on the primary lithology recorded for each unit; some units span more than one rock type.

Fossils recorded

  • Foraminifera
  • Ammonites
  • Bivalves
  • Belemnites
  • Orbitoides
  • Orbitella
  • bivalves
  • brachiopods
  • gastropods
  • Gastropods
  • Echinoids
  • Algae
  • Oysters
  • Reptile bones
  • Corals
  • Molluscs
  • Shark teeth
  • Larger foraminifera
  • Plant fossils in upper part
  • Marine vertebrates
  • Siwalik-type mammal fossils

Units in this province

20 units

Line these up against other basins on the correlation panel →

Era colours
  • Quaternary
  • Cenozoic
  • Mesozoic
  • Paleozoic
  • Precambrian
Sindh Province
  1. Sakhi Sarwar FormationQuaternary
  2. Gaj FormationFossils recordedNeogene
  3. Manchar FormationFossils recordedNeogene
  4. Siwalik GroupNeogene
  5. Laki FormationFossils recordedPaleogene
  6. Sohnari FormationPaleogene
  7. Bara FormationPaleogene
  8. Khadro FormationFossils recordedPaleogene
  9. Lakhra FormationFossils recordedPaleogene
  10. Nari FormationFossils recordedPaleogene
  11. Ranikot GroupFossils recordedPaleogene
  12. Khaskheli Basalt FormationCretaceous-Paleogene
  13. Goru FormationFossils recordedCretaceous
  14. Sembar FormationFossils recordedCretaceous
  15. Fort Munro GroupCretaceous
  16. Moro FormationFossils recordedCretaceous
  17. Chiniot GraniteNeoproterozoic
  18. Kirana GroupNeoproterozoic
  19. Nagarparkar Igneous ComplexNeoproterozoic
  20. Petaro-Hyderabad RidgeProterozoic
SandstoneShale / mudLimestoneIgneousMarlFossils recordedContact not recordedUnconformity

Band colour = period; texture = dominant rock type. Lines between bands mark the contact type (wavy = unconformity inferred from a missing period); dotted = no contact recorded in the sources (not a claim of conformity). True scale makes height ∝ recorded thickness; hatched = thickness not recorded. Ages approximate, for ordering.