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Pakistan Stratigraphy

Karakoram-Hindukush Basin (Laurasia)

Hindukush-Chitral

Chitral District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa · Asian plate margin, fold-thrust belt

Continuation of Asian plate rocks with Paleozoic sequences and crystalline basement. Contains diverse mineral deposits and unique geological heritage.

Units

21

Tectonic setting

Asian plate margin, fold-thrust belt

This reference records 21 units in the Hindukush-Chitral spanning 2 geological eras, most commonly metamorphic rocks, conglomerate, limestone.

Correlate with other provinces → Explore the basin → Filter all units →

At a glance

21
units
2
eras
8
georeferenced
13
with fossils
20
type localities
3,000 m
max thickness
20
sources

Rock types

  • metamorphic rocks (10)
  • conglomerate (6)
  • limestone (4)

Based on the primary lithology recorded for each unit; some units span more than one rock type.

Fossils recorded

  • Conodonts (Baltoniodus cf. medius)
  • Acritarchs
  • Trace fossils (Cruziana, Planolites)
  • Conodonts
  • Brachiopods
  • Ammonoids (rare)
  • Bivalves
  • Conodonts (Pandorinellina steinhornensis miae, Ozarkodina spp., Amydrotaxis spp.)
  • Crinoids
  • Tabulate corals
  • Rugosans
  • Calcareous algae
  • Nautiloids
  • Brachiopod moulds (poorly preserved)
  • Conodonts (in beds transitional to the Shogrâm Formation)
  • Rugose corals
  • Trilobites (Neocalmonia chitralensis, N. batillifera orientalis)
  • nautiloids (Devonian)
  • Orthoceras (nautiloid)
  • crinoid stem fragments
  • Bryozoans
  • Foraminifera
  • Corals
  • Gastropods

+16 more across the Hindukush-Chitral units.

Units in this province

21 units

Line these up against other basins on the correlation panel →

Era colours
  • Quaternary
  • Cenozoic
  • Mesozoic
  • Paleozoic
  • Precambrian
Hindukush-Chitral
  1. Reshun FormationFossils recordedCretaceous
  2. Tupop FormationCretaceous
  3. Gahirat LimestoneCretaceous
  4. Darwaz An FormationFossils recordedJurassic
  5. Zait LimestoneFossils recordedTriassic
  6. Lashkargaz FormationPermian
  7. Gharil FormationPermian
  8. Ini Sar FormationFossils recordedPermian
  9. Darkot GroupFossils recordedCarboniferous–Permian
  10. Twin Valley MemberCarboniferous
  11. Chitral SlateFossils recorded
  12. Wakhan Formation
  13. Vandanil FormationFossils recordedDevonian
  14. Charun QuartziteFossils recordedDevonian
  15. Shogram FormationFossils recordedDevonian
  16. Sewakht FormationDevonian
  17. Sarikol ShaleFossils recordedDevonian
  18. Lun ShaleFossils recordedSilurian–Devonian
  19. Baroghil GroupFossils recordedOrdovician–Silurian
  20. Yarkhun FormationFossils recordedOrdovician
  21. Chikar FormationCambrian
ConglomerateLimestoneSandstoneShale / mudMetamorphicMixedFossils recordedUnconformityFaultContact not recordedConformable

Band colour = period; texture = dominant rock type. Lines between bands mark the contact type; dotted = no contact recorded in the sources (not a claim of conformity). True scale makes height ∝ recorded thickness; hatched = thickness not recorded. Ages approximate, for ordering.