Source provenance
Perri, M.C., Molloy, P.D. & Talent, J.A. (2004). Earliest Triassic conodonts from Chitral, northernmost Pakistan. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia, 110(1), 467-478.
Cited by 3 units (3 published) · 1 field-level citation · 3 revision notes.
Full text reviewed (user-supplied PDF). Independent primary conodont biostratigraphy. Documents earliest Triassic (Scythian/Induan) conodonts from two localities 110 km apart in the Karakoram Terrane of NE/central Chitral: near Sakirmul (upper Yarkhun valley; Isarcicella staeschei Zone) and near Torman (Dorman) Gol (Mastuj valley; Is. isarcica Zone) - the 3rd and 4th conodont biozones of the Early Triassic (Perri & Farabegoli 2003). Faunas of isarcicellids + hindeodids (Is. staeschei, Is. lobata, Is. turgida, Hindeodus parvus, Is. isarcica) lacking gondolellids, indicating restricted shallow-water P-T-boundary/earliest-Triassic biofacies. Shows carbonate tracts previously mapped as Permian (or Cretaceous) to be earliest Triassic, extending the Late Permian-Triassic Ailak-Zait carbonate platform >=110 km farther SW. Relevant units: Zait Limestone (Talent et al. 1982; >600 m), Ailak Dolomite (Gaetani et al. 1995; 1000+ m, Late Permian forams ~460 m above base, ?Late Triassic ghosts at top), Wirokhun Formation (Chapursan/Shimshal; 60 m; Neospathodus dieneri + Gondolella carinata, slightly younger/deeper Early Triassic).
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Units citing this source
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- Age: Perri, Molloy & Talent (2004): the Ailak Dolomite (name introduced by Gaetani et al. 1995; the DB 'Ailak Formation') is a ~1,000+ m sequence of dolostones up the Yarkhun valley, extending eastwards; it carries a diverse Late Permian foraminifer fauna in dark grey thick-bedded limestones ~460 m above the base and, towards the top, foraminifer 'ghosts' suggestive of a Late Triassic attribution — i.e. Late Permian to ?Late Triassic, matching the curated age. It passes eastwards into slope and offshore facies in the Chapursan and Shimshal valleys of upper Hunza and forms the type of the 'Ailak–Zait Carbonate Platform'. Corroborates the curated Late Permian–Late Triassic age and ~1,000 m thickness.
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- Age: Perri, Molloy & Talent (2004): in the Chapursan and Shimshal valleys the Permian–Triassic boundary occurs within the much thinner (~60 m) Wirokhun Formation (Zanchi & Gaetani 1994; Gaetani et al. 1995), which has yielded Neospathodus dieneri and Gondolella carinata (Nicora in Gaetani et al. 1995) — indicative of a slightly younger horizon and a deeper (more open) Early Triassic sea than the earliest-Triassic Sakirmul and Torman Gol conodont faunas of the Zait Limestone / Ailak platform. Corroborates the curated Latest Permian–Early Triassic age.
- Thickness
- Age: Perri, Molloy & Talent (2004): a sample from near Torman (Dorman) Gol in the Mastuj valley (central Chitral) yielded earliest-Triassic (Scythian/Induan) conodonts of the Isarcicella isarcica Zone (Is. isarcica, Is. staeschei, Is. lobata, Is. turgida, Hindeodus parvus), confirming that the Zait Limestone (formally named by Talent et al. 1982; >600 m thick, Karakoram Terrane / Northern Sedimentary Belt) includes earliest-Triassic horizons — carbonate tracts here had previously been mapped as Permian or Cretaceous. The Zait Limestone is interpreted as part of the same Late Permian–Triassic 'Ailak–Zait Carbonate Platform' as the Ailak Dolomite, extending the platform at least 110 km farther SW than formerly supposed. The restricted-marine isarcicellid/hindeodid fauna (lacking gondolellids) contrasts with the more open-marine, gondolellid-bearing P–T sections of the Salt Range and Trans-Indus Ranges on the Indian block.