Source provenance
Malkani, M.S., Khosa, M.H., Alyani, M.I., Somro, N., Zafar, T., Arif, J. & Aleem, M.Z. (2017). Revised Stratigraphic Setup and Mineral Deposits of Kirthar Basin (Lower Indus Basin), Pakistan. Lasbela University Journal of Science and Technology, VI, 54-84.
Cited by 5 units (5 published) · 0 field-level citations · 3 revision notes.
Full text (user-supplied PDF). Single-author-led (Malkani) revised stratigraphy + mineral-resource compilation for the Western (Balochistan) and Eastern (Sindh) Kirthar / Lower Indus Basin. NOT independent of the other Malkani compilations (gsp-malkani-2017, malkani-2010-sulaiman, malkani-2016-indus-sealevel, malkani-2020-balochistan) - a single-author corpus, so does not upgrade a Malkani-only unit to genuine multi-source support. Used for gap-fill of Kirthar-basin lithostratigraphy and distinctive vertebrate-fossil content recorded as attributed revisionNotes; its synonymies/correlations are not adopted where better biostratigraphy exists.
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Units citing this source
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Listed as a corroborating source for this unit.
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- Geological significance: Malkani et al. (2017, Kirthar): the Dilband Formation (Late Bathonian, spanning the Jurassic–Cretaceous boundary; up to ~30 m; three members — lower jarositic clay, middle reddish ironstone, upper green glauconitic shale) hosts the Dilband iron ore at the J/K boundary and yields the titanosauriform/early-titanosaurian sauropod Brohisaurus kirthari (Sun Chaku, Karkh; Charoh, Zidi, Khuzdar) plus ammonites (Macrocephalites, Indocephalites, Indosphinctes, Choffatia, Bullatimorphites bullatus, Clydoniceras). It is treated as a synonym of the Mazar Drik Formation in this corpus. Attributed corroboration of the already-listed Brohisaurus; Brohisaurus is a Malkani-corpus taxon.
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Listed as a corroborating source for this unit.
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- Geological significance: Malkani et al. (2017, 2022): the Pab Sandstone (Middle–Late Maastrichtian; ~500–600 m; Fort Munro Group) is subdivided into a lower Dhaola Member (white quartzose sandstone), a middle Kali Member (shale + black-weathering sandstone) and a Sor Member (dominantly maroon shale and sandstone; type Sor Muzghai; extending Qila Saifullah → Shirani → Waziristan). The Sor Member is reported to carry Maastrichtian archosaur trackways (ichnotaxa Pashtosauroperus zhobi 'Ornithopaonia' and the pterosaur track Anmolpakhiperus alleni 'Pteropaonia'), the Dhaola Member the fish Kahamachli harrandlundi, and the unit conifer wood Baradarakht goeswangai. In North/South Waziristan the Pab equivalent is named the Khajuri Post Formation (thick-bedded cherty faintly cross-bedded sandstone). Attributed Malkani-corpus ichno/taxa.
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- Fossils: Malkani et al. (2017, 2022): the latest-Maastrichtian Vitakri Formation (terrestrial red/maroon mudstone with quartzose sandstone; ~15–35 m; Fort Munro Group) is the type unit for an extensive Malkani-corpus vertebrate assemblage — 'pakisaurid'/'balochisaurid'/'gspsaurid' titanosaurian sauropods (e.g. Khetranisaurus, Sulaimanisaurus, Pakisaurus, Balochisaurus, Marisaurus, Nicksaurus, Gspsaurus, Saraikimasoom), theropods (Vitakridrinda, Vitakrisaurus), mesoeucrocodiles (Pabwehshi, Sulaimanisuchus, Induszalim), a pterosaur (Saraikisaurus), a bird (Wasaibpanchi) and a snake (Wadanaang). DATA-QUALITY CAVEAT: nearly all of these genera/families were erected within the single-author Malkani corpus and many are regarded as nomina dubia or diagnostically inadequate in the wider literature (only Pabwehshi pakistanensis is broadly accepted); recorded as attributed notes, and the curated fossil list is deliberately kept at the higher-taxon level.