Source provenance

Hussain, A., DiPietro, J.A. & Pogue, K.R. (1998). Stratigraphy and structure of the Peshawar basin, Pakistan. Journal of Nepal Geological Society, 18, 25-35.

Cited by 7 units (6 published) · 14 field-level citations · 5 revision notes.

Synthesis of an almost complete Precambrian-to-Triassic bedrock sequence for the Peshawar basin from new conodont finds: Tanawal (Precambrian) -> Ambar (Cambrian?; type Ambar village) -> Misri Banda Quartzite (Ordovician; Cruziana rugosa) -> Panjpir (Silurian; Distomodus = first Early-Middle Silurian in Pakistan) -> Nowshera (Devonian reef) -> Jafar Kandao (Carboniferous) -> Karapa Greenschist (metatholeiite) -> Kashala (Carnian) -> Nikanai Ghar (Triassic-Jurassic?). Includes type-locality coordinates and the structural framing of the Peshawar basin (thrust south on the MBT ~2.1 Ma).

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Units citing this source

• Paleozoic Ambar Formation Cambrian
  • Geological significance: Hussain, DiPietro & Pogue (1998): the Ambar Formation (dolomite, dolomitic limestone and calcareous quartzite with algal laminations and poorly developed stromatolites) has its type section at Ambar village (34 deg 03' N, 72 deg 25' E) on the Swabi-Jehangira road. It rests unconformably on the Precambrian Tanawal Formation (locally a ~10 m cobble-pebble conglomerate at Chingalai) and is unconformably overlain by the Ordovician Misri Banda Quartzite across 5-10 m of maroon shale; correlated with the Abbottabad Formation of Hazara. Its Cambrian(?) age rests only on stratigraphic position.
• Paleozoic Jafar Kandao Formation Devonian–Carboniferous
  • Geological significance: Hussain, DiPietro & Pogue (1998): the Jafar Kandao Formation (type section on the Machai Canal ~5 km SE of Rustam, 34 deg 19' N, 72 deg 18' E) is dominantly argillite with a lower channel conglomerate carrying granite and quartzite clasts; conodonts range from Protognathodus (latest Devonian-early Mississippian) through Gnathodus (Mississippian) to Neogondolella cf. donbasica and Rhachistognathus (Pennsylvanian). It is overlain across a sharp contact by the Karapa Greenschist (metamorphosed tholeiitic basalt).
• Paleozoic Karapa Greenschist
  Type localityLower contact (overlies)Upper contact (underlies)Introduced byGeological significanceAgeEra
• Paleozoic Misri Banda Quartzite Ordovician
  LithologyType localityLower contact (overlies)Upper contact (underlies)Introduced byGeological significanceCoordinates
• Mesozoic Nikanai Ghar Formation Triassic under review
  • Geological significance: Hussain, DiPietro & Pogue (1998): the Nikanai Ghar Formation (white-to-grey thick-bedded marble and dolomitic marble with thin calcareous-schist beds) forms the upper third of the former Lower Swat-Buner Schistose Group at Nikanai Ghar mountain, southern Swat; it overlies the Carnian Kashala Formation and is tentatively Late Triassic and Jurassic(?) on palaeoniscoid fish teeth.
• Paleozoic Nowshera Formation Devonian
  • Age: Hussain, DiPietro & Pogue (1998): the Nowshera Formation (type locality 3.5 km N of Nowshera on the Nowshera-Risalpur road; correlated with the Ghundai Sar reef complex of the Khyber area) is Early to early Late Devonian (Lochkovian-Frasnian; upper part N of Swabi yields Ancyrodella cf. buckeyensis and Polygnathus cf. webbi). The authors reject Latif's (1970) Carboniferous age (ampleximorph corals at Pir Sabak) in favour of the Devonian conodont control.
• Paleozoic Panjpir Formation Ordovician–Silurian
  • Fossils: Hussain, DiPietro & Pogue (1998): the Panjpir Formation (type section near Panjpir village, 34 deg 06' N, 72 deg 30' E, 4 km SE of Swabi; = the 'Kandar Phyllite' of Stauffer 1968) yielded, from a basal crinoidal-limestone lens NW of Misri Banda, Distomodus sp. of Llandoverian-early Wenlockian age - cited as the first evidence of Early and Middle Silurian rock in Pakistan; late-Silurian (Pridolian) conodonts occur in its upper crinoidal limestone.