Source provenance
Abdullah, A., Mohibullah, M., Kasi, A.K., Alam, S.U. & Haq, E.U. (2023). Microfacies and Depositional Settings of the Eocene Nisai Formation, Pishin Belt, Pakistan. Journal of Himalayan Earth Sciences, 56(1), 11-32.
Cited by 1 unit (1 published) · 0 field-level citations · 2 revision notes.
Microfacies of the Eocene Nisai Formation at its type section (Pishin Belt); ~930 m of thick-to-thin-bedded and nodular limestone with olive-greenish-grey shale. Eight carbonate microfacies (KMF-1 to KMF-8) span planktonic mudstone/wackestone through bioclastic LBF pack/grainstone; skeletal allochems include LBF (Nummulites, Assilina, Discocyclina, Operculina, Alveolina, milliolids), smaller and planktonic foraminifera, red algae, bryozoans, molluscs and brachiopods. Deposition on an inner-to-outer ramp (to basinal) setting; mid-ramp facies linked to episodic sea-level fall, enhanced continental weathering and tectonic uplift.
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Units citing this source
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- Depositional environment: Abdullah et al. (2023), Nisai Formation type section (Pishin Belt): ~930 m of thick-to-thin-bedded and nodular limestone with olive-greenish-grey shale, divided into eight carbonate microfacies (KMF-1 planktonic mudstone; KMF-2 planktonic wackestone; KMF-3 bioclastic LBF-Discocyclina wackestone; KMF-4 siliciclastic bioclastic LBF packstone; KMF-5 bioclastic LBF packstone; KMF-6 bioclastic planktonic-BF wackestone-packstone; KMF-7 bioclastic SBF-LBF wackestone-packstone; KMF-8 bioclastic miliolid grainstone). These indicate deposition across an inner-ramp to outer-ramp (to basinal) profile; the mid-ramp facies are linked to episodic relative sea-level fall, enhanced continental weathering and tectonic uplift. A second independent microfacies study corroborating Nizami et al. (2008).
- Fossils: Abdullah et al. (2023): the type-section Nisai Formation carries rich larger benthic foraminifera (Nummulites, Assilina, Discocyclina, Operculina, Alveolina, milliolids) together with smaller benthic and planktonic foraminifera, red algae, bryozoans, molluscs and brachiopods, supporting an Eocene age. Expands the recorded fauna beyond the generic 'Miscellanea miscella, other larger foraminifera, algae'.